Antiskid deivce



March 30 1926.

R. G. SPESCHA ANTISKID DEVICE Filed August 18, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INI/ENTOR:

March ,3o 1926. 1,578,478

Y R. G. SPESCHA ANTI SKID DEVICE Filed August 18, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.'

gin] SJEJCGI,

Patented' Mai'. l 307 1925,

f'liaiis? ROY G'. s PEscHAf; or NEW YORK, rtv. i

aufrismi; D'EvI'cE.

Application ledf'lugiist 18, 1924Q7-Seria1 No. `73275831;

'To 'all whom t may concern f Be it known that I, ROY G. Siirsoim,l a

citizen of the United States, residingiii -the boroughv and county"of'BronX7 city and State vof New "York, haveinvented certain new and usefulY Improvements in 'P Antiskid Devices, of'wliicli the-following is asp'e'ci-V iication.

This inventiony relates to anti-skid de-v vices for vehicles and more particularly to devices of this Ageneral characterv in which one or more spurs orplungers are caused to be projected beyond the periphery of the wheel for the purpose of' increasing the traction and preventing side slip. f

The primary object of the invention is to simplify and improve-'the construction of; the anti-skid device and enablel the Vsaine to,V

be removably and ,adjustably mounted on the vehicle. f

y further object is to effect operation of I,

the operating foot pedahpartly in section,

the devicethrough means located in relatively close proxiinitygto the usual control' ling levers or pedalsI of the Yve'hicleso that the anti-skid device finay be placed 'in operation with facilityfand quickly rendered inoperative when desired Without impediiig the usual 'movements of the driver'in operating the vehicle.

i A still further Objectis to enable the antii vskid device to be operatively secured to the Wheel axle' in close proximityv to -tlie hub thereof regardless ofl the presence of the brake drum or other device immediately adjacent to the Wheel hub s o that 'theplun'gers' mayl bel located relatively close to the'trac- Vtion line ot the Wheel. l

Another object isto provide means for progressively advancing' the spurs or spokes ot the anti'skiddevice and causing the same to automatically return to inoperative position; f

lVitli the above and other objects in view my invention consists' 'in the? features of construction and operation set forth in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming apartl hereof, in which t' y Figure l is a side elevation of a vehicle wheel'shoiv'ing the 'antiskid device inop- -erative.positifm5f "ed on an axle 6 Figure" a vertical v central ,section through the vvehicle Wheel shown vin Figfure 1;y zv

, l"Figure 3 is an 'enlarged detail vieWl il'- :i

lustrating a preferred construction ofv thef' spurs .or plungers;4

-F gure 4 is a sidel View of a motor vehicle'showin'g the connection of the operati ingrod of the anti-skid 'device Witlrits op-j eiatiiig pedal at ythe foot-board' of 4the f vehicle;V Figure 5 the ootlboard `showing the automaticv Hooi' plate-fused in conjunction with 'the' operatlill" partial top r`plan,k viewiof ing pedal of Vthe anti-skid device, thev pedal v i being inoperative position; A f .l Figure Gpis -:a VieWLsimi'lar to Figurel,`

showing the floor Aplatelin the position as-v suined'vvhen the pedal is caused to .return to inoperativev lposition andy Figure 7 yis ,a-ffragmentary. side view 'ofv toi' vehicle Wheel .which maybe ofthe con- 'l ventional type, Comprising va Vhub l, -a pluing 7.

Vralityvof spokes 2,-rini 8 and tire 4.V In I 1this instance :the vehicle *wheel is yalso equipped with a. brake drumVV 5l secured in* place immediately contiguous to the hub oi, the Wheel inl accordance with usualpractice. v The Wheel as shoivn is a rear Wheeh'mountprovided Withthe usual lions he anti-skiddevice proper includes preterably a pluralityof 'longitudinal spring 4 held plungers'S suitably secured to the vehicle Wheel and adapted to be projectedand retracted as the wheel passes over theY traci tion surface.' y

-In this instance I lprovide a Ymetallic ring 9 which may loe-formed Vin one piece or'in a `plurality 'of 'sect-ions as may be desired; A plurality of plunger cylinders 10 are preff erably formed integralv with the ring 9, each i' being so located-,With respect to the fring` that a substantial portion thereof 'is adapted to project beyond the peripheryof thering"- 10 substantially to "the periphery of fthe tire :realitiesy rim flfhe ring 9 yis' 100 j l Y a. These springs are adapted to beeoin'pressed between thetops o-tliecyllnders Vl vand a Y .inoperative pos1tion. `n vthis-instance the vstop ring-16secnredto'ea'cli of the blungfers adya'cent to its outer` end. stop rin'gj",V

in a bore 13 formed,in thetylindersv thisV bore 13,' agording; a substantialbearing and support for-'the pl-ungers in the performance ot their particularfunction.' .'iheplungers are norniaiiy held in retracted ,position by` resilient 1neans,.sncli' as the spring le which surround the plungers above the c ind-ers.

suitable stop pin l located atftliefnpper oortionsirof the olnno'ers. rEhe retractivc i l J ,Y Y Y, movement v.ot they plungers :under the 'nn `iluence 'of the springs is preferably limited by suitable ,means .-.m Y this instance by a y valso performsanother iii-notion .ot limiting ;t h penetration of the plunger point intofy the-tra'ctron-y surface'iS. ffliefstop ring '16(r i'sadaptedto bereceived in enlarged por f The: casing 22 and coverv 24 v"are T11-,

mounted about theaxl'e housing. by any sinttion v19 ot' the bore 13 at V.the outer end of the plunger cylinderl0;v Thel ripperA portion oi' each of the plungers preferably' p'eened as Seen at/QO 'forming a recess o'r bearing for aba-1121; v c A y "1. .n

Means are provided `for etect-i-ng projectionoiI the plunger-s 8f beyond the periphery, of the .vehicle Wheel and. into-fthe tractionfv surface 18., In this instance 'l v"hai/"e provided a substantially. `semi-eirlcularhollow casing' 22 Vhaving; a recessedvportion 23 `adapted to' embrace one sid'efo the axleY jlioueifng-'Z and a. separately'removable coiffer.

ide.

24e-adapted to ernbrace the oppositek able ineansg in this instance. a plurality ot Y' bolts 25` beingri'gidlysecured-in tllre upper portion of casing 212?Y and adapted pass throne-fb side lugs projecting` from 'the cover f 24; l l

Nuts 26m-'e1 provided tor tightlysecuring the cover and casing' togetherfabont the avi-le.housinzV y A substantially` semi-"circular 'cam shoe 27 isv suitably Vlocated Within the casing- 22.7" This ca1nslf1oeQ7 has-1a substantial bearingv 'surface Q8 and is -zdapted tobe 'Inovedout- .iv-ard beyond th'efouter'limit of the bottoni 'lh will ot the easing' to` positionswli Y Cause lthe Aenflsof the-fplu-ngers Yto `indefoif'er seen in the. bearingsuriface 28 as they approach the traction' `surface and' be th-u-s ,proiected as 1L The diaineter o'ftlie I'casing is preferably suc-h that Lasnbsta'ntial 'clearance visrle'ft between tliebearing surface 28 o'fgthe cani shoe, and the upper ends of the plunger@ when Y'the plungers yare Sin their 1re- 'f '-tracted position.

idly Y `effec-ting prfection of the piangere; Movebottoni Wall` 8O of' the casing andvrsuitable `Vsprings 3l are provided betweenthe upper ends oi the 'guidefpins 2 9 andthe bearing lugs 32 formed "atthe inner {Wall "of thevc'as' ing` 'bottoni portion 30.Y for normally ,main-f tai-ning the Cain shoe Within theouter limits f otall'y 'mounted `ivithinthe casing 22 and th-iscani'-BS is capable of oscillatory ino-vel nient 'for alternatelyV forcing` the' Cain shoe 27 ontWardA and vperimtting kit to return to cam 33 is secured to one end "of ay Cain shaft Se. Whichi extends preferablythrough the iiito'tliecafs y '22 Toi: Ythelzan-t -id device sei ""eitlladjacent tofrythe v.Vehicle l'Wheel at the other end ol the azileV` (not shown). *YS-uitablerineans are preferably provided for et# iectingfrotgationofthe cani shaft@ in this Vinstance a crank '35 ,being formed lon the 'shaft at 'any desired point-in its length', preferably at a. poi-nt Substantially in alignment with thefioperatiirg pedal"hereinafter descriled, generally located at 4one side of the Vehicle! The cam shoe fisprovided With ja. bearing lug` 36 adapted to Yextend l through an aperture 37 in the bottom casing portion SO andwithintlre casing 22i'n close proXiinity to the bearing' surfaceof the cam in operating rodV 38 is suitablyyse'cured toftliecranlr 35. f Moveineiitof this rod in one direction Wil/lo" the 'can li shoe 2f? Voutward to nient of the rod E8-in theopposite `direction- "will "cause the Vcaln toireturn to fnorinal iigioper'ative position Within the casas seen in dotted line-s lffand. the

ysprings 3i will'draiif'the cani ,shoeZ backfuo to its normal inoperative location` t y The Wide-bearing surface QSeaus'es' the plungers to positivelyadvance and retract rn a ygradual manner Iso 'that noise and destruc! tive jfar and Wear are prevented. "ihe'tvavfel of the plunger end'sover the outer surface VVside oi" the casing'fll. The opposite''endetV Ythe cani shaft; preferably simil-'arly extends se the tam-"33 Ytoy Lro-V I of v'the vcana `shoe 27 yis further facilitated by the :provision ofthe bearing balls 2l.

As Seen -if1rl4`ig. 2', thefbearingportion28 of the'icani shoe 27 extends "outwardV beyond .f the outer side of the casing t lhep-urpose of this is to impart a feature of adjustability tothe 'anti-skid device whereby it inay be *mounted for-iperationjwith Vehicle Wheels' havinga Ybrake druni o1' other device at the `The presente inner lside oi the wheel hub. ofvsuch bralx'e drunigor other device has heretofore necessitated the location of thev plungers afsubstantiall distance from the traction linevfof the lWheel- ]but with 'my device the' Vp'lungers are positioned relative cleseteth@ line of traction Where theyrare Vmost etv fective. Y.

Asseen'at 39, tlie'operatmg rod 3811s pivvotally connected ,to a pedal lever 40'pivoted to the trame 4l ot tlievehicle at 42.1 Suit able'ineans, here shown as a spring` 48 connected to any rigid portion of the frame 41, normally tends `to maintain the'levei" 40 and hence the 'operating rod 38 aiidcani 33 in inoperative position. 1

The pedal lever 4() projects through a slot 44 located in the footboard 45 andv is lprovided With a suitable foot plate46. `The pedal lever 40 and slot 44 are preferably lo` cated in relatively close proximity to the.

brake pedal'herefindicated at 47.. Means are providedor holding'the pedal lever 40v in various adjusted positions to, `effect ditierent degrees ot projection ofthe plungers.

In `this instance: I provideY a lmovable floor; plate 48 having a slot 4S) of greater width than-tlieslot 44 traversedby the `pedal lever 40,and a service of stops or teeth 50, one

forgeach oesired position otadjustment.

The floor plate 48 is pivoted as seen at 5l and is 'adapted to turn o n-its pivot so that the stops 50 are Withdrawn from the slot 44. A suitable pin 52 located at the undervside of the ilooi' plate 48 is adapted to traverse. an extension 53 of the slot 44v and a suitable spring r54 secured to this pin ,52 and to the traine 41 at the under side of fthe toot board 45 tends to maintain the floor -plate in its normal position as seen in Fig.

5 and to return it after displacement from its usual position I in alignment with slot 44. Movement of the floor plate is accomplished byfineans of a kick-lug or ear 55 `u risine therefrom at one side.

In operation, the foot plate 4G of the pedal lever 40.is pressed by the oot'ot the already described. render the anti-skid deviccvinoperative the voperator simply strilresor presses on the operator until it reaches the desired position ivlieiiit ivill Abe held iiiplace by one of the st-ops 50. rThisv movement will effect operation of the. plunger operatingjcam shoe as When it is desired to lug or earl 55 with his -foot. This will turn the floor plate on its pivotand withdraw the stop 50 from behind the pedal lever. The pedal lever Will then return to the base of the slot 44 under the influencent spring 43 and the spring 54 Will in turn cause the floor plate to return to its normal position.

The provision of the pedal lever operating mechanism herein described .enables the driver to control the operation ot the anti-l skid device ivithgreat facility and the location of the pedal lever iii convenient juxtaposition to the brake pedal 47 rendersthe anti-skid pedal readily and easily accessible, but one movement of the toot being'required to o erate the device to either on or ott to the Wheelsivithout 1 the necessityof re-g moving the Wheelstroiii the axles.v The iiive'ntionk is- .-e'qually.; applicable to vehicle Wheels ofthe soli'dor'disl type,in Which casetlie `plunger carrying'wriiig 9 vis secured to the outer portion of 4the disk just within the peripheral limit. v The disk portion in this instance corresponds in all essentialre- `spects to 'the outeii'fini of the vehiclewlieel slioivnlierein. ln; certain' cases-it is'possible to secure the V,cani casing` 22. directly over or adjacent' to the point` of attachment of the vehicle 'springs to:l the arle housing,V and it is' to be understood that' such variations and modifications' of the construction are included Within thespirity and' scope ofthe invention, i v v, y i

rl`lie anti-skid device is always Yready for instant use and is operableceither by hand or by foot or. by both; Y The device is adapted to replace non-skid devices in therrforin ot' chains or otherWise5 and eectively prevents skidding or sliding` on slippery surfaces such Q as ice,`snovv or mud and is'also .utilizable for ythe purpose of ii'icreasingthetractile AVeortot tlieveliicle Wheels on roadways or surfaces-,having a loose covering `ot dirt,.-

ashes cinders and the like. f Y l.

Having thus described inyvinvention, ivliat lclainiist* Y I U l. IncOinhination with a vehicle Wheel iiicluding` a rim, anaXle andafhousing. for said axle, a casingradapted to -he' removably seioo cured to saidhousing betivelen said axle and `the traction surface, a reciprocatory plunger iadaptedto be mounted on'said rim in aplane p I 'stantiallyp semi-circular. ,canil sliceI mounted' Y offset from vthe, plane of said casing, a subin said casing having an external bearingV 1 member and'ineaiis in said casing adapted to eiiect proiection of said'cam shoe beyond the Y louter limit o'tthe casiiuiysaid bearingV member being adapted to extend beyond the sido vot said casingto a point substantially in the vertical plane of said plunger whereby the cani Vshoe whenH projected inayengage said plunger and cause the plunger ,to penetrate the traction surface. I l

2. In combination withI a vehicle Wheel iiicluding' a ri1n,`an axle rand a housingl for said axle, a easing" adaptedV to be' removably secureduto said liousine` between saidaxle a'n-d`7tlie v.traction surface, a i'ecipiocatory plunger adapted to be mounted on said rim in a plane oiset from the plane of said casing, a substantially semi-circular cani slice invested-ia said @eine having alii external member, an eccen-trlicteain VAWithin saldi casing' adapted to. befrotated .to effect projection' of said camshoe beyond the lower limit ol said casing,y said bearing member fi' havingfa portion adapted *to extend vbeyond the side et said casin'gto avpointsubstantially Vin the lvertical plane of said plunger,

Wherebythe cani .shoe when projected may engage plunger and lcause the plunger to`A penetratel tliep'tiaction suriace.V Y

3, In coinbinationwith aivehiclewheel includ-ijng a rinnan axle and a housing for said axle, a easing' adapted tof be removably secuied to said housing between said axle and plane eff'eet from the plane of vsaid casing, a lsubetantiallyl semi-circular cain yshoe Yinminted in said casing` having-,an Yexternal '20 bearing; member, an eccentric camWithin vertical plane of saidfplunger, Wlie'reby the' cani shoe when proyected by said Cam may engage said plunger and 'cause the plunger t0 penetrate'the traction surface: 4. Ink combination With a vehicle Wheel. inclu-ding' a, rim, anV axle anda housing 'for said axle, a casingI adapted to be removably secured ,to .said housing' between said axle .and fth'ej traction surface, a reeiprocatory plunger adapted to be mounted on said rim in a plane olsetfrom the plane of said'cas mounted .in said casing h aving VanV external V bearingimeinber, an eccentric cani Within j said casing, a vcam shaft parallel with said I faxle and" ex'tending'intosaid casing, said ,cam bei nefrigidly secured tofsaid camshaft, means adapted to be located. in proximity 'to the operating' parts for said vehicle for pro-V ducing rotation ofsaid ,cam 4shaft Vand camk tor pro]ectinp;` saidl cam shoe beyond theV lewer'limit ofsaid casing, and a plurality 'et spring` pressediguides in said casing for aueintjsaid cani elioe's'to'return to normal hier Y liavino; a portion adapted toextend beyond the traction surface, a reciprocatory plunger 1 adapted to be mounted on said rim in av final inoperative position When i` da substantially semi-circular cam shoeV 'ative position, said bearing; member the side ofsaiid easing' to -apointsubs-tanvtially in the vertical plane of said plungers,

whereby the Vcam shoeiyhen projectedmay Len" ge saidplunger and'icaus'e .the plunger to penetrate the tractionv surface.

' An lanti-sind device 'comprising the combination With' a vehicle Wheel including a. rim, lan axlean'd a housing for said axle,`

of a casing' removably mounted at thev inideil side of said housingna plunger mounted side of said vehicle Wheel. and toward one side ofcsaid casing, a. member supported in said casing and having an external bearrest position with said yexternal*bearing` portion in the, path of said plunger, said "plunger arranged to .ride over 'said external 'bea-ri portion during rotation of the Wheel and penetrate the traction surface, means'to f operate said' device, means torreturnsaid fing portioina device in said casing arranged'V to displace saidmeinber beyond its normal member to'nornial inoperative position',*and spring means to return said plunger to norl n I disengaged from 'said extern-al bearing` portion y f6. An anti-skid' device comprising the combination Vwith a vehicle lWheel including a rim, an axle' and a'v housing for lsaid axle, of a casino' removably vmounted at the under side of sai-d fliousiiig,a ring;` including :a plurality of sectionsVV secured to said vehicle Wheel, a plu-nger mounted oneach of saidk ring' sections and toWard'on'e side ot said easing, a member supported in said casing and having 'an external bearing portion, a device in said casing` operative to displace said member beyond its normalrestfposition to move `said external bearing portion directly into4 the path of said plungersysa'id plungers arranged to engage landjrideV over saidv external bearing` portion during rota' tionf'of the vehicle Wheel and penetratethfe 'traction surface one 'after aii'otliengnieans to operate said device, means to cause saidl Vmemberto return to normal'inoperative'pof sition, and a spring` device for each otsaid plungersto cause said plungers Ato return to normal inoperative.position when successively disengaged from said external bearino; portion. y i

In testimony.whereof, l have signed 'this specification;

` n no. e. sensei-ici. 

